National/ Punjab Desk
Source of News Webportal
28 September
The fertility rate in Punjab has seen a steady decline over the past ten years. According to the latest Sample Registration Statistical Report released by the central government, the state’s Total Fertility Rate (TFR) has dropped by 11.8 percent.
In 2011-13, Punjab recorded a fertility rate of 1.7, which has now come down to 1.5 in 2021-23. This drop highlights a major demographic change, showing how lifestyle patterns and social trends are influencing family planning decisions.
Rural and Urban Trends
The decline has been recorded in both rural and urban areas of Punjab. In rural regions, the fertility rate fell from 1.8 in 2011-13 to 1.6 in 2021-23, marking an 11.1 percent decline. In urban areas, the decline is slightly sharper. The fertility rate dropped from 1.6 to 1.4 during the same period, showing a 12.5 percent fall.
Comparison with National Level
The national fertility rate has also declined, though at a higher pace than Punjab. Across India, the TFR dropped from 2.4 in 2011-13 to 2.0 in 2021-23. This marks a 16.7 percent decline, reflecting a broader nationwide trend toward smaller families.
Key Reasons for the Decline
The report points to several reasons behind the declining fertility rate. Increasing urbanization is one major factor, as more families move to cities where living costs are higher and lifestyles are changing. Education levels among women have also risen, leading to career priorities and delayed family planning. Additionally, job pressure and modern lifestyle choices are contributing to smaller family sizes.
Conclusion
The steady decline in Punjab’s fertility rate reflects changing social and economic conditions. While it aligns with national trends, experts suggest this shift highlights the need to balance population control with long-term demographic sustainability.